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阳离子改性聚羧酸减水剂的合成及性能研究
作者：郭睿，熊龙，李兴，邢菊香
（中建商品混凝土有限公司，化学建材所，湖北 武汉 430205）
摘要：向聚羧酸减水剂主链中引入甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵阳离子结构单元，合成了一种在分子中同时存在被中性聚醚链段隔开的阴、阳离子基团的改性聚羧酸减水剂。通过研究阳离子种类、酸醚比、引发剂用量、合成温度等条件对减水剂分散性的影响，得到了最佳合成工艺；通过红外光谱和凝胶色谱对减水剂进行了分子结构分析；同时通过混凝土试验对其性能进行了表征。结果表明，合成的阳离子改性聚羧酸减水剂能有效提高分散性能的同时可降低减水剂掺量，且不会对混凝土强度产生不良影响。
关键词：聚羧酸减水剂；阳离子改性；合成工艺；性能
中图分类号：TU528.042+.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2019）06-0135-04
Synthesis and properties of cationic modified polycarboxylate water reducer
GUO Rui，XIONG Long，LI Xing，XING Juxiang
（China Construction Ready Mixed Concrete Co. Ltd.，Chemical Building Materials Institute，Wuhan 430205，China）
Abstract：Introducing a cationic structural unit of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride into the main chain to synthesize a novel amphoteric polycarboxylate water reducer whose anionic-cationic group is separated by a neutral polyether segment. Through investigating the effects of cationic species，acid-ether ratio，the dosage of initiator，synthesis temperature on the dispersibility of concrete，and the best synthesis process was obtained. The molecular structure was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and gel chromatography，and its properties were characterized by concrete test. The results show that the cationic modified polycarboxylate water reducer can not only effectively improve the dispersing performance but also reduce the amount of water reducer，and it would not affect the strength of concrete adversely.
Key words：polycarboxylate water reducer，cationic modification，synthetic process，property