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热线法测量相变构件导热系数的适用性研究
作者：王浩宇，谢静超，王未，张召锋，刘加平
（北京工业大学绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室，北京 100124）
摘要：采用热线法测试了相变构件在不同环境温度及加热电压条件下的导热系数，结合MATLAB数值模拟计算了常物性材料和变物性材料在多种工况下导热系数的误差率。结果表明：普通材料以及相变材料在非相变区间的导热系数测量值与环境温度、加热电压无关，而相变材料在相变区间内导热系数测量值随环境温度的变化显现出较大差异。同一环境温度、不同加热电压时，相变构件在相变区间内的导热系数测量值不同，这与在非相变区间的导热系数规律不一致。数值模拟结果表明，常物性材料导热系数的误差率随工况的变化较小，其最大值为3.3%，变物性材料的导热系数误差率随工况的变化较大，最大可达80%。
关键词：相变；热线法；导热系数；数值模拟；误差率
中图分类号：TU55+1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2019）10-0005-06
Applicability analysis of hot-wire method for measuring thermal conductivity of phase change members
WANG Haoyu，XIE Jingchao，WANG Wei，ZHANG Zhaofeng，LIU Jiaping
（Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology，Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100124，China）
Abstract：The hot-wire method is used to measure the thermal conductivity values of phase change members under different ambient temperature and heating voltage. The error rate of thermal conductivity of common and variable materials under various working conditions is calculated by MATLAB numerical simulation. The results show that the measured values of thermal conductivity of common materials and phase change materials in the non-phase-change interval are independent of ambient temperature and heating voltage，while the measured values of thermal conductivity of phase change materials in the phase change interval show significant differences with ambient temperature. When the same ambient temperature and different heating voltages，the measured values of the thermal conductivity of the phase change member in the phase change interval are different, which is inconsistent with the thermal conductivity law in the non-phase change interval. The numerical simulation results show that the error rate of the thermal conductivity of the common material has a small change with the working condition，and the maximum value is 3.3%. The error rate of the variable material varies greatly with the working condition，and the maximum can reach 80%.
Key words：phase change，hot-wire method，thermal conductivity，numerical simulation，error rate