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高阳离子度抗泥剂的制备及其性能研究
作者：余昆，熊龙，李兴，邢菊香，周博儒
（中建商品混凝土有限公司，湖北 武汉 430070）
摘要：以丙烯酰胺、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、环氧氯丙烷、二甲胺等单体为原料合成高阳离子度聚合物，将其作为抗泥剂降低黏土对聚羧酸减水剂减水性的影响。通过FTIR、凝胶渗透色谱对其进行表征，并结合吸附量测试分析其作用机理。所得产物为含C—N、N—H及五元含氮环等特征官能团的阳离子聚合物，分子质量为Mn为6547，阳离子度高达65%。试验结果表明，减水剂折固掺量为0.2%条件下，未掺和掺入黏土质量8%的抗泥剂时，含4%蒙脱土或高岭土的水泥净浆流动度分别为180、230 mm和280、290 mm，表明该抗泥剂能明显提高聚羧酸减水剂的分散性和分散保持性。
关键词：高阳离子度；聚羧酸减水剂；抗泥剂；竞争吸附；黏土
中图分类号：TU528.042 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2020）09-0076-04
Study on preparation and properties of a high cationic anti-mud agent
YU Kun，XIONG Long，LI Xing，XING Juxiang，ZHOU Boru
（China Construction Ready Mixed Concrete Co. Ltd.，Wuhan 430070，China）
Abstract：A high cationic polymer was synthesized from acrylamide，dimethyl diallyl ammonium，chloride epichlorohydrin and dimethylamine，it can be used as a cationic anti-mud agent to reduce the effect of clay on polycarboxylate superplasticizer. It was characterized by FTIR，gel permeation chromatography，and its effect mechanism was analyzed by adsorption test. The obtained product is a cationic polymer containing C—N，N—H and five-member nitrogen ring and other characteristic functional groups，with molecular weight of Mn=6547，and cationic degree as high as 65%. The results showed that the net slurry fluidity of 4% montmorillonite or kaolin was 180 mm，230 mm or 280 mm and 290 mm，respectively，without or with 8% clay quality anti-mud additives，indicating that the anti-mud additive can significantly improve the dispersion and dispersion retention performance of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer.
Key words：high cationic degree，polycarboxylate superplasticizer，anti-mud agent，competitive adsorption，clay