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利用稻壳灰及废砖制备渗水蓄水生态建筑材料
作者：胡明玉，蔡国俊，付超，方海星
（南昌大学 建筑工程学院，江西省超低能耗建筑重点实验室，江西省近零能耗建筑工程实验室，江西 南昌 330031）
摘要：基于海绵城市理念，以废砖为骨料、稻壳灰作填充料制备渗水蓄水生态建筑材料。采用正交试验研究骨料粒径、稻壳灰掺量和水灰比对材料性能的影响，利用XRD、SEM分析了影响机理，同时对材料的植生效果进行初步研究。正交试验表明，细骨料用量是决定7 d抗压强度、渗透系数和吸水率的主要因素；水灰比对28 d抗压强度的影响最大；最优配合比为1.18～2.36 mm骨料用量60%，稻壳灰掺量7.5%，水灰比0.78，此时28 d抗压强度大于6.0 MPa，渗透系数大于3.0 cm/s，吸水率大于23.0%。植生试验结果显示，碱茅草和四季青可分别作为护坡及公共绿化的最佳选择。
关键词：生态建筑材料；抗压强度；渗透系数；吸水率；植生试验
中图分类号：TU528.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2020）01-0021-06
Preparation of eco-building material by using rice husk ash and waste bricks as raw materials
HU Mingyu，CAI Guojun，FU Chao，FANG Haixing
（School of Civil Engineering and Architecture，Nanchang University，Key Laboratory for Ultra-low Energy Buildings of Jiangxi Province，Engineering Lab for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings of Jiangxi Province，Nanchang 330031，China）
Abstract：Based on the concept of sponge city，eco-building material was prepared by using waste brick as aggregate and rice husk ash as filler. Orthogonal experiment was used to analyze the influence of aggregate size，rice husk ash content and water cement ratio on the properties of the material，at the same time，x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze its influence mechanism，preliminary study on the effect of planting of the material was also made. Orthogonal experiment shows that the quantity of fine aggregate is the main factor deciding the compressive strength of 7 days，permeability coefficient and water absorption；the water cement ratio has the greatest influence on the compressive strength of 28 days；the optimum mixing ratio is dosage of 1.18～2.36 mm aggregate 60%，dosage of rice husk ash 7.5%，dosage of water cement ratio 0.78，the compressive strength of 28 days of the material is more than 6.0 MPa，the permeability coefficient is greater than 3.0 cm/s，and the water absorption rate is more than 23.0%. The result of plant growth test shows that Alkali and Agrostis stolonifera are the best choices for slope protection and public greening respectively.
Key words：eco-building materials，compressive strength，permeability coefficient，water absorption rate，plant growth test