建筑用保温材料的生命周期环境影响对比分析

关键字：建筑用,保温材料,生命周期,环境,影响

（辽宁工业大学 土木建筑工程学院，辽宁 锦州  121001）

 
    摘要：利用生命周期评价方法，分析和比较岩棉板、EPS板和XPS板生产及运输过程的环境影响。结果表明，具有相同导热热阻时，岩棉板具有除人体毒性外最高的环境影响，XPS板比EPS板具有更小的环境影响；资源消耗和温室效应是3种保温材料的显著环境影响类别。识别出能源生产和保温材料生产分别为岩棉板资源消耗和温室效应的主要贡献者，而电力生产是岩棉板其它环境影响主要贡献者；原料生产是EPS板和XPS板各类环境影响的主要贡献者。建议综合衡量不同环境影响类型之间和不同生命周期阶段的环境影响，为建筑保温材料及保温技术的选择、优化及相关政策制定提供支持。
    关键词：环境影响；建筑保温材料；生命周期评价
    中图分类号：TU55+1；X820.3        文献标识码：A        文章编号：1001-702X（2017）11-0101-05
 

A comparative study on life cycle environmental impacts of building insulation materials
ZHAO Wei，YU Hang，ZHANG Zengyu
（School of Civil and Architectural Engineering，Liaoning University of Technology，Jinzhou 121001，China）

    Abstract：This study analyzed and compared the environmental impacts of rock wool board，EPS board and XPS board during the production and transportation process based on life cycle assessment method. Results show that given the same thermal insulation effect，rock wool board has the highest environmental impacts except for human toxicity，while the environmental impacts of XPS board are smaller than those of EPS board. Resource consumption and global warming are significant environmental impact categories for three building insulation. Energy production and thermal insulation material production are major contributors to resource consumption and global warming of rock wool board，respectively. Electricity production is major contributor to other environmental impact categories of rock wool board. Raw material production is major contributor to all environmental impact categories of EPS board and XPS board. This study suggests comprehensive assessment of environmental impact categories and life cycle stages，which provides supports for building insulation materials selection, technologies optimization and policy-making.
    Key words：environmental impacts，building insulation materials，life cycle assessment